Por que em inglês alguns verbos vem com ING sem ser gerúndio? Por que se diz "I look forward to seeing you"e não I look forward to see you?

Você alguma vez viu uma frase como "I like dancing", ou "I look forward to seeing you"e ficou sem entender porque o segundo verbo está com o ING? Essa dúvida de inglês é muito comum já que a gente traduz as frases acima nenhuma está no gerúndio.

"I like dancing" = Eu gosto de dançar.

"I look forward to seeing you" = Estou ansioso para ver você.

Mas, fique tranquilo porque a professora Yanina Avalos vai te explicar porque e quando isso acontece. Ela até preparou um exercício para você praticar o novo conteúdo.

GERUND OR INFINITIVE?

Gerunds and infinitives are sometimes referred to as verb complements. They may function as subjects or objects in a sentence.

A gerund is a verb in its ing (present participle) form that functions as a noun that names an activity rather than a person or thing. Any action verb can be made into a gerund. Verbs which are usually followed by a Gerund: acknowledge, admit, adore, advise, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, be used to, can’t help, can’t stand, celebrate, confess, consider, contemplate, delay, deny, describe, detest, discuss, dislike, dread, end up, endure, enjoy, fancy, feel like, finish, forget, get used to, give up, go on, have difficulty, have problems, have trouble, imagine, involve, it’s no use, it’s worthwhile, keep, justify, look forward to, mention, mind, miss, omit, postpone, practise, quit, recall, recommend, regret, remember, report, resume, risk, spend time, stop, suggest, tolerate, understand, waste time, work at.

Verbs that can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive WITHOUT causing a change in meaning begin, continue, hate, intend, like, love, prefer, start.

Verbs that can be followed by a gerund or infinitive but WITH a change in meaning forget, remember, stop.

Verbs that are directly followed by a noun or pronoun and then by an infinitive advise, allow, ask, cause, challenge, command, convince, expect, forbid, force, hire, instruct, invite, order, pay, permit, program, remind, teach, tell, urge, want, warn.

An infinitive is a verb form that acts as other parts of speech in a sentence. It is formed with to + base form of the verb. Verbs which are usually followed by an infinitive: afford, agree, appear, arrange, ask, attempt, care, choose, claim, come, consent, dare, decide, demand, deserve, determine, elect, expect, fail, forget, get, hate, help, hesitate, hope, hurry, intend, know, learn, like, manage, mean, need, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, remember, resolve, say, seem, stop, tend, threaten, volunteer, wait, want, wish.

COMPLETE WITH A GERUND OR AN INFINITIVE

1.- She agreed ………………….. (pay) the electricity bill the following week.

2.-Hector dislikes ……………… (go) to the opera.

3.-Martin admitted ………………. (steal) the money from the safe.

4.-Elizabeth didn’t need ………….. (do) the final exams.

5.-I regretted ……………… (forget) to call my grandfather for his birthday.

6.-Your aunt wished …………. (visit) Australia in Summer.

7.-Please, avoid ………………… (touch) the wires with wet hands.

8.-Your friend seems ……………. (be) very busy today.

9.-We suggested ………………… (sell) our apartment at the seaside.

10.-She postponed ………………… (make) a decision for the new shop.

11.-Excuse me, do you mind ………… (clean) the table, please!

12.-It was difficult to climb up the mountain but we kept ……….(go)

13.-I’m amazed because you didn’t hesitate ………… (accept) that job.

14.-The policeman pretended …………. (keep) my identity card.

15.- Robert denied …………… (kidnap) the child.

16.- The car is too expensive so I can’t afford ………….. (buy) it.

17.-Sonia didn’t tolerate …………………. (share) the bedroom with John.

18.-The couple chose ………….(spend) their honeymoon in Canada.

19.-You hate …………… (wait) for your girlfriend.

20.-Barbara celebrated ……………….. (win) the TV contest.

21.- George’s father learnt ……………… (play) the guitar in five years.

22.-Miriam omitted ……………..(invite) her old university colleagues.

23.-My aunt claimed …………… (be) the owner of the red suitcase.

24.-Tina pretended …………….. (borrow) my computer.

25.-All my friends wanted ………….. (go) to the zoo in the afternoon.

26.- The French tourist asked me  how ……….. (get) to the post office.

27.-My neighbour enjoys ……….. (collect) stamps and coins.

28.- It was late so we hurried ……………. (catch) the last bus.

29.-Does she know what ………… (do) in case of a fire?

30.-I’d like ………………. (fly) to the Moon soon.

ANSWERS

1. to pay
2. going
3. stealing
4. to do
5. forgetting
6. to visit
7. touching
8. to be
9. selling
10. making
11. cleaning
12. going
13. to accept
14. to keep
15. kidnapping
16. buying
17. sharing
18. to spend
19. to wait
20. winning
21. to play
22. inviting
23. to be
24. to borrow
25. to go
26. to get
27. collecting
28. to catch
29. to do
30. to fly

Teacher Yanina Avalos

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